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Field-tested notes on design, drafting and delivery.

All articles FTTx & Telecom Electrical Civil & Structural Energy & Renewables

Energy & Renewables · 8 min read

Interconnection Studies: What Changes Between a Behind-the-Meter System and a Utility-Scale One

A behind-the-meter interconnection study and a utility-scale one aren't the same analysis at different sizes. Here's what actually changes between them.

Energy & Renewables

String Sizing for PV Arrays: Why the Temperature Coefficient Is the Number That Actually Constrains the Design

Civil & Structural

Utility Conflict Analysis: Reading a Composite Utility Drawing Before a Grading Plan Locks In

Civil & Structural · 8 min read

Earthwork Volume Takeoffs: Why the Grid, Cross-Section, and TIN Methods Don't Agree, and Which One to Trust

Electrical · 8 min read

Panel Schedule Drafting Standards: What Actually Makes One Build-Ready

Electrical · 8 min read

Load Flow Studies for Industrial Facilities: Why Nameplate kVA Isn't Demand

Electrical · 10 min read

Short-Circuit Studies: What the Per-Unit Method Is Actually Calculating

FTTx & Telecom · 8 min read

As-Built Redlining: Why the Built Network Stops Matching the Design, and How to Control the Drift

FTTx & Telecom · 9 min read